ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: The oral cavity can present the first clinical manifestations of leukemia, therefore; it is important to recognize their principal characteristics. Objective: To identify oral manifestations as the first clinical signs of leukemia. Methods: This is an integrative review, that gathered data from articles with oral manifestations of leukemia as part of its first clinical features. The were included case reports, case series, clinical research, or reviews with case reports. The variables that were considered relevant: age, sex, sites of the oral lesions, characteristics of the oral lesions, medical history and physical examination, time of evolution, radiographic examination, blood test results, initial diagnosis, differential diagnosis and final diagnosis. Results: A total of 31 studies were included, with a total of 33 individuals identified. There were 19 (57.57%) males and 14 (42.42%) females. The age range was from 1.6 to 74 years. Acute myeloid leukemia (72.72%) and acute lymphoid leukemia (18.18%) presented more oral manifestations as the first clinical signs of the disease. All individuals with leukemia presented lesions, such as ulcer, erosion, bleeding, ecchymosis, color change of the bluish or pale mucous membranes and areas of tissue necrosis. Hard tissue lesions were less frequent, being 6 (18.18%). Conclusion: The first clinical manifestations of leukemia can be present in the oral cavity, mainly in acute myeloid leukemia. The principal oral tissues affected were gingival tissue, buccal mucosa and hard and/or soft palate. When hard tissues, such as the maxilla bone or mandible bone were affected, dental mobility was the principal clinical sign.
Subject(s)
Oral Manifestations , Leukemia/diagnosis , MouthABSTRACT
Recognizing the importance of assessing the risk of antisocial behavior, this study aimed to characterize the risk factors for the occurrence of antisocial behavior, seeking to understand if there are differences between boys and girls. Eighty-five cases of children referred by the promotion and protection system due to the display of antisocial behaviors were reviewed. A total of 65 were boys and 20 were girls, aged between six and eleven years. Data collection was performed using the Portuguese version of the risk assessment instruments Early Assessment Risk List for boys and for girls. Gender differences were assessed, with boys exhibiting a higher risk level for antisocial behavior, adopting more serious behaviors (e.g., impulsive behaviors). Girls engaged in less serious behavior (e.g., disrespect). By characterizing the most prevalent risk factors, the results of this study may contribute to the identification of intervention priorities.
Reconhecendo a importância da avaliação do risco de comportamentos antissociais, com este estudo pretendeu-se caracterizar os fatores de risco para a ocorrência do comportamento antissocial, procurando perceber se existem diferenças entre rapazes e garotas. Foram analisados 85 processos de crianças sinalizadas ao sistema de promoção e proteção devido à exibição de comportamentos antissociais, 65 referentes a rapazes e 20 a garotas, com idades compreendidas entre os seis e os onze anos. A recolha de dados foi realizada com recurso à versão portuguesa dos instrumentos de avaliação de risco Early Assessment Risk List para rapazes e garatas. Apuraram-se diferenças entre sexos, com os rapazes a apresentar um nível de risco para o comportamento antissocial mais elevado, adotando comportamentos mais gravosos (e.g., comportamentos de impulsividade). As garotas, adotam comportamentos menos gravosos (e.g., desrespeito). Ao caracterizar os fatores de risco mais prevalentes, os resultados deste estudo podem contribuir para a identificação de prioridades de intervenção.
Subject(s)
Risk Factors , Sex Characteristics , Antisocial Personality DisorderABSTRACT
O ameloblastoma é um tumor odontogênico benigno de origem epitelial, com crescimento lento, frequentemente encontrado na mandíbula ou maxila. Os sintomas são mínimos, sendo raramente percebido pelo paciente nos estágios iniciais, vindo a ser diagnosticado, às vezes, ao acaso, em exames radiográficos de rotina. Clinicamente apresenta-se como um abaulamento endurecido que cresce lentamente, permanecendo a mucosa regional com aspecto normal. Raramente com solução de continuidade ou infecção, o ameloblastoma invade os espaços entre os trabeculados ósseos sem reabsorvê-los, além de expandir o osso compacto sem invadi-lo, podendo, entretanto, propagar-se pelo canal mandibular. Sua denominação é dada devido à semelhança com as células do órgão de esmalte e apresenta um comportamento biológico único que leva a controvérsias quanto à melhor forma de tratamento. Neste caso clínico é descrito o caso de ameloblastoma unicístico, localizado na região retromandibular esquerda, com acompanhamento de oito anos. Os diagnósticos clínico e radiográfico foram confirmados através de exame histopatológico. O tratamento proposto foi a enucleação, sem ressecção marginal.
Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor of epithelial origin, with slow growth, frequently found in the mandible or maxilla. The symptoms are unnoticeable, rarely being perceived by the patient in the initial stages, and are sometimes diagnosed by chance in routine radiographic exams. Clinically, it is a hardened curvature that grows slowly, and the regional mucosa remains with the normal appearance. There is rarely a solution of continuity or infection. The ameloblastoma invades the spaces between the trabeculated bones without reabsorbing them, and expands the compact bone without invading it, however, it may propagate through the mandibular canal. It has been given this name due to its similarity to the cells of the enamel organ and it has a unique biological behavior that leads to controversy with regard to the best form of treatment. This clinical case describes the case of a unicystic ameloblastoma located in the left retromandibular region with eight years of follow-up. Clinical and radiographic diagnosis was confirmed through the histopathologic exam. Treatment proposed was enucleation without marginal dissection.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Ameloblastoma/surgery , Ameloblastoma/diagnosis , Odontogenic Tumors/surgeryABSTRACT
O autor desenvolveu em silicona uma escala de tonalidades de pele humana. Foram confeccionados vinte e sete corpos-de-prova em silicona acética (Silastic 732 RTV), pigmentados com óxidos de ferro e dióxido de titânio. A quantidade de silicona acética manteve-se constante (dois gramas) em todos os corpos-de-prova, e os pigmentos foram misturados e ela em várias proporçöes até a obtençäo de vinte e sete diferentes tonalidades. Através da comparaçäo da cor dos corpos-de-prova com a cor da pele de quarenta e um indivíduos, foram selecionados os cinco corpos-de-prova com as tonalidades que mais se igualavam à cor da pele dos pacientes, compondo, assim um guia de tonalidades. Com a metodologia empregada, foi possível desenvolver uma escala de tonalidades de pele que poderá facilitar a definiçäo do tom da pele do paciente quando da confecçäo de próteses faciais em silicona, permitindo economia de tempo e de material no momento da seleçäo da cor